Atropine Sulphate Injection

• Type: Anticholinergic medication

• Main Ingredient: Atropine sulfate

• Form: Injectable solution (usually given intramuscularly, intravenously, or subcutaneously)

How It Works

• Atropine blocks acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the body.

• This leads to:

  • Increased heart rate (by blocking vagus nerve effects on the heart)

  • Reduced secretions (saliva, mucus)

  • Relaxation of smooth muscles (airways, intestines)

  • Pupil dilation (when used in eye drops, but not typically with injection)

Common Uses

• Emergency treatment of bradycardia (very slow heart rate)

• Antidote for organophosphate or nerve agent poisoning (pesticides, chemical exposure)

• To reduce salivation and secretions before surgery

• Used in some cases of asystole or cardiac arrest (as part of advanced cardiac life support)

Advantages

• Acts quickly when given intravenously

• Life-saving in severe bradycardia or poisoning

• Reduces complications from excessive secretions during surgery

Possible Side Effects

• Dry mouth

• Blurred vision, dilated pupils

• Increased heart rate (tachycardia)

• Urinary retention

• Constipation

• Confusion or restlessness (especially in elderly)

Precautions

• Use with caution in people with:

  • Glaucoma (may worsen eye pressure)

  • Enlarged prostate (may worsen urinary retention)

  • Heart disease or arrhythmias

• Overdose can cause anticholinergic toxicity (severe agitation, hallucinations, very high heart rate, seizures).

• Must be administered by a trained healthcare professional, especially in emergencies.