Chlorpromazine Tablets

Category: Antipsychotic (typical/first-generation)
Form: Oral tablets

Uses:

• Treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.

• Management of bipolar disorder, particularly acute manic episodes.

• Control of severe nausea and vomiting.

• Used for behavioral disturbances in children or adults, such as agitation or aggressive behavior.

• Sometimes used for intractable hiccups.

Mechanism of Action:

• Chlorpromazine is a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.

• By blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, it reduces psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and agitation.

• Also has anticholinergic, antihistaminic, and alpha-adrenergic blocking effects, which contribute to sedation and other effects.

Administration:

• Taken orally, usually 1–3 times daily, depending on the condition and severity.

• Can be taken with or without food.

• Dose adjustments may be needed in elderly patients or those with liver impairment.

Side Effects:

• Common: drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, weight gain.

• Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS): tremors, rigidity, restlessness, involuntary movements.

• Other: low blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension), sexual dysfunction.

• Rare but serious: tardive dyskinesia (permanent involuntary movements), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (life-threatening), severe allergic reactions, blood disorders.

Precautions:

• Avoid abrupt discontinuation; tapering is recommended to prevent withdrawal symptoms.

• Use cautiously in elderly patients, especially with dementia, due to increased risk of mortality.

• Monitor for signs of EPS, cardiovascular issues, and metabolic changes.

• Avoid alcohol and CNS depressants, which can enhance sedation.

• Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless clearly necessary.

Summary:
Chlorpromazine Tablets are a first-generation antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe agitation, and nausea. They work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. Common side effects include sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, and constipation, while serious risks include movement disorders, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and blood disorders, requiring careful monitoring during treatment.