Anti-Cancer Drugs are a group of medicines used in the treatment and management of cancer. They are designed to slow down or stop the growth of cancer cells, which multiply uncontrollably in the body. These drugs can be used alone or in combination, depending on the type and stage of cancer.

Categories of Anti-Cancer Drugs

1. Alkylating Agents

   • Damage the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from dividing.

   • Examples: Cyclophosphamide, Busulfan, Ifosfamide.

2. Antimetabolites

   • Mimic natural substances in the body and interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis.

   • Examples: Methotrexate, 5-Fluorouracil, Cytarabine.

3. Plant Alkaloids (Mitotic Inhibitors)

   • Derived from natural plant sources, they block cell division.

   • Examples: Vincristine, Vinblastine, Paclitaxel, Docetaxel.

4. Antitumor Antibiotics

   • Bind directly to DNA, disrupting replication and cell growth.

   • Examples: Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Mitomycin.

5. Hormonal Agents

   • Used in cancers influenced by hormones (like breast or prostate cancer).

   • Examples: Tamoxifen, Letrozole, Flutamide.

6. Targeted Therapy Drugs

   • Specifically attack cancer cell mechanisms without harming normal cells.

   • Examples: Imatinib, Trastuzumab, Rituximab.

7. Immunotherapy Drugs

   • Stimulate the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells.

   • Examples: Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Interferons.

Key Notes

• Anti-cancer drugs are usually given as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or as part of a combined treatment.

• They may be administered orally, intravenously, or by injection.

• Side effects vary depending on the drug, but often include fatigue, hair loss, nausea, and lowered immunity.